Kumu i unuhi ʻia: WuXi AppTec hoʻoponopono hui

Ma Guangzhou, Kina, ua hoʻokuʻu ka mākaʻi i kuleana no ke kōkua ʻana i ka noiʻi epidemiological i kahi wikiō nānā: Ma ka hale ʻaina hoʻokahi, ua hele lāua ʻelua i loko o ka lumi ʻauʻau ma hope o kekahi me ka ʻole o ka pili kino.ʻO 14 wale nō kekona o ka manawa noho pū i ʻae i ka virus korona hou e loaʻa kahi manawa, hoʻopau i ka laha.

ʻO WuXi AppTec ka palapala kiʻi kiʻi

Ma Australia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema, pīhoihoi ka poʻe i ka ʻike ʻana i kahi "maʻi koke".I ka nānā ʻana o nā luna olakino ma New South Wales i nā hihia, ʻike lākou he maʻi maʻi a ma kahi o ʻekolu mau kānaka"ʻalo wale" ma waho o kahi hale kūʻai kūʻai a i ʻole hale kūʻai kope, komo koke i ka wahi like, a ua hoʻomaka ka maʻi i ka maʻi.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena o ka genome viral sequencing ma nā laʻana o kēia mau hihia i ka coronavirus houNo ka Delta mutant strain ka maʻi, ʻo ia ka coronavirus mutant strain hou i ʻike mua ʻia ma India i ʻOkakopa 2020.Ua hōʻike pū ʻo Academician Zhong Nanshan i loko o kahi ninaninau media i hala iho nei "he ukana kiʻekiʻe ka delta strain,ʻO ke kinoea i hoʻopuka ʻia he mea ʻawaʻawa a loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi", no laila e koi ʻia nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e wehewehe i nā "pili pili"…

E luku i ka honua

I ʻApelila a me Mei 2021, aia kahi nalu ikaika o ka maʻi maʻi ma India.Wahi a ka ʻikepili i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka Ministry of Health o India,ʻO ka nui o nā hihia hou i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka lā hoʻokahi ma mua o 400,000 i ka manawa hoʻokahi!ʻOiai aia nā hōʻuluʻulu nui a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe ma hope o ia mea, ʻo ka mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia ʻo ka nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka Delta mutant strain e piʻi wikiwiki nei.

Ma waho o India, mai Nepal a hiki i Asia Hikina Hema, a i kahi ʻāpana nui a puni ka honua, ua laha pū ka Delta mutant strain i nā mahina ʻelua i hala.

“ʻO ka ʻano ʻano Delta ka ʻokoʻa lele loa i loaʻa i kēia manawa.Ua loaʻa ma 85 mau ʻāina/nā ʻāina a ua laha wikiwiki i waena o ka poʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia.” ʻO ka Luna Hoʻokele Nui o ka World Health Organization Dr. Tan Desai ma Iune 25 i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka ʻaha kūkā.

Kauka Tan Desai, Luna Nui o ka World Health Organization |Nā kiʻi ITU mai Geneva, Switzerland, CC BY 2.0, ma Wikimedia Commons)

Ua ʻike ʻia ka hihia mua o ka maʻi Delta ma United Kingdom i ka waena o ʻApelila.I kēlā manawa, ma hope o kekahi mau mahina o ka "blockade", me ka holomua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ua hāʻule nui ka nui o nā maʻi, nā halemai, a me nā make, a me he mea lā e holomua ana ka maʻi maʻi.

Eia naʻe, ua hoʻopuka koke ka Delta mutant strain i ke kolu o ka nalu o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi ma UK, a ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hihia hou i kēlā me kēia lā ma mua o 8,700.Laha wikiwiki ka maʻi i waena o ka poʻe i ʻole i ka maʻi, koi ʻia ka UK e hoʻopanee i kāna hoʻolālā e wehe hou.I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻO ka Delta mutant strain i kēia manawa ua hoʻololi i ka Alpha mutant strain (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka B.1.1.7 mutant strain) i ʻike mua ʻia ma UK, a ua lilo ʻo ia i mea koʻikoʻi ka coronavirus hou kūloko.

Ma ka ʻāina ʻAmelika, ʻo ke ʻano o nā ʻano like ʻole Delta kekahi i hopohopo.Wahi a kahi hōʻike noiʻi i hana ʻia ma Kaleponi,ʻO ka nui o nā hihia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka Alpha variant strain, ʻo ia ka "mainstream" ma mua, ua hāʻule mai ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 70% i ka hopena o ʻApelila a ma kahi o 42% i ka hopena o Iune, a ʻo ka "piʻi" o ka ʻano Delta ke kuleana no kēia.ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia hoʻololi.Ua ʻōlelo aku ka luna o ka US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) i nā pule e hiki mai ana, hiki i ka Delta ke lilo i ʻano hou coronavirus hou ma United States.

Pākuʻi o nā ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻi COVID-19 ʻokoʻa (ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā ʻano o Delta mutant) |nextstrain.org)

Ma Kina, ma kahi o Guangzhou, ua ʻike ʻia nā hihia o Delta mutant strains ma Shenzhen, Dongguan a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe.Ua hoʻomaka ka hakakā ʻana o ka poʻe me Delta mutant strains.

ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hoʻolaha ʻana

Mai ka puka ʻana mai o ke ahulau lei aliʻi hou i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki, ua ʻike nui ʻia nā ʻano mutant strains, me ka Alpha mutant strain i hoʻopaʻa mua ʻia ma United Kingdom i Kepakemapa 2020, a me ka beta mutant strain (B.1.351) i hōʻoia mua ʻia ma ʻApelika Hema i Mei 2020.

Ma Mei 11, ua helu ka World Health Organization i ka Delta mutant strain i ʻike mua ʻia ma India ma ke ʻano he ʻehā "ʻano pilikia o ka hopohopo” (VOC).Wahi a ka wehewehe ʻana o WHO, ʻo VOC ke ʻano"hoʻopiʻi ʻia a hōʻoia ʻia e hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻoili ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻona;a i ʻole e hoʻonui a hoʻololi paha i nā hōʻike maʻi maʻi;a i ʻole e hoʻololi i ka maʻi maʻi i kēia manawa, nā ana lapaʻau, a me ka maikaʻi o ke kano.

Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻikepili i loaʻa mai nā hui e like me ke Keʻena ʻOihana Ola o United Kingdom (PHE).ʻo ka hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia o ka Delta variant strain he 100% kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o ke kumu kumu;i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka Alpha variant strain e holo nei ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i ka hapa lua o ka makahiki i hala, ka Delta variant ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia, ʻo 60% kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka hoʻouna ʻana.

Ma kahi o ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o ka infectivity a me ka hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia, ʻo Feng Zijian, kahi mea noiʻi ma ka Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka wā i hoʻolaha ai i nā hihia hou o nā lei aliʻi hou ma Guangzhou, ka Delta mutant strain "ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona ʻo ia ka pōkole o ka wā incubation a i ʻole ka wā o ka hele ʻana-i kahi manawa pōkole).ʻElima a ʻeono paha hanauna i hala i loko o 10 lā wale nō."Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena hoʻāʻo PCR o nā laʻana mai ka poʻe i maʻi ʻia i ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka viral load, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā maʻi.

Ma United Kingdom, kahi i helu ʻia ai ka ʻano Delta no 90% o nā hihia, hōʻike nā hōʻike mua.ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻano Alpha, ʻo ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka ʻano Delta ua aneane ʻelua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka haukapila, ʻo ia hoʻi ka piʻi ʻana o ka pilikia o ka haukapila e 100%.

ʻO nā mutation gene koʻikoʻi i lawe ʻia e nā ʻano maʻi maʻi coronavirus mutant hou e hopohopo nei i kēia manawa.Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka Delta mutant strain he 13 mau hoʻololi genetic kūʻokoʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka maʻi virus kumu |Hui Pūʻulu Manaʻo WuXi AppTec

Ke hoʻoholo nei mai ke ʻano genetic o ka Delta mutant strain,Loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau loli kūʻokoʻa i ka gene e hoʻopili ana i ka protein spike o ka coronavirus hou, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia wale i ka hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia i ka maʻi virus, akā hiki nō ke kumu i ka pakele..I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, hiki i ka neutralizing antibodies i hana ʻia ma hope o nā maʻi mua a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana paha e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻano Delta.

ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau

I ke alo o ka ʻano hoʻohālikelike Delta, hiki anei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hāʻawi i ka pale kūpono?

Ua paʻi ʻo "Nature" i kahi pepa noiʻi ma Iune 10th.Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena hoʻāʻo o ka hiki ke neutralization antibodyʻelua a ʻehā pule ma hope o ka inoculation piha ʻana o ʻelua mau kau o ka mRNA neocorona vaccine BNT162b2, ʻo ka neutralizing antibody i hana ʻia i loko o ke kino kanaka he hopena maikaʻi ma Delta.Loaʻa i ke koʻikoʻi kahi hopena pale nui.

ʻO ka hana neutralizing o ka serum o ka vaccinator e kū'ē i ka coronavirus hou a me nā ʻano mutant like ʻole me ka Delta strain |Kuhikuhi [1]

I ka pane ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi maʻi nui ʻelua, ʻo Delta a me Alpha, e hōʻike ana i ka hōʻailona COVID-19, pehea ka hiki ke pale aku i ka pale ʻana, ua hoʻolaha ke Keʻena o ka Public Health o United Kingdom i nā hopena o kahi noiʻi honua maoli i ka hopena o Mei.

Hōʻike ka ʻikepili ʻoiai ʻo ka maʻi kano i nāwaliwali i ka hopena pale i ka maʻi Deltai hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka Alpha strain, hiki ke hoʻemi nui i ka hopena o nā hōʻailona lei aliʻi hou.Hoʻopili piha ʻia me ʻelua injections o ka maʻi mRNA, hiki i ka hopena pale ke hiki i 88%;i ka hoʻohālikelike, ʻo ka hopena pale e kūʻē iā Alpha he 93%.

Ua ʻike pū ʻia ka haʻawina inā hoʻokahi wale nō pana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hāʻawi ʻia, hiki ke hoʻemi nui ʻia ka hiki ke pale i ka maʻi mutant.ʻEkolu pule ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa mua ʻana, hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua ke hōʻemi wale i ka hopena o nā hōʻailona lei aliʻi hou i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka Delta variant strain e 33%, a me ka pilikia no Alpha e 50%, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ia mau mea ʻelua ma mua o ka hopena pale i hana ʻia ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o 2 mau kau.

ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau lei aliʻi hou ʻelua e kūʻē i ka B.1.617.2 a me ka B.1.1.7 mutant strains |Nānā [8]

Ua paʻi ka puke moʻolelo olakino "The Lancet" i kahi ʻikepili hou mai ka 'Oihana o Public Health o United Kingdom ma Iune 15, e hōʻike ana i kēlā.hiki ke ho'emi nui i ka pilikia o ka ho'opa'a 'ana i ka ma'i ma'i.Ua hōʻike pū ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana ma kahi o 28 mau lā ma hope o ka hana mua ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka hopena pale o ke kano.

Ma muli o kekahi mau hōʻike, ʻo WHO a me nā poʻe loea mai nā ʻāina he nui i hoʻoikaika pinepine i kēlāhe mea nui loa e hoʻopau i ke kaʻina hana āpau no nā lāʻau lapaʻau e koi ana i ʻelua (a ʻoi aku paha) kaila, ʻoi loa no ka pale ʻana i ka COVID-19 koʻikoʻi a me ka make.

Hoʻololi mau, pale mau

I ka poʻe me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i ka Delta ke hoʻolaha koke.Ua ʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina e pili ana i ka ʻikepili sequencing o kahi kokoke i 20,000 samples mai ʻApelilama nā wahi i emi iho ai ka pākēneka o ka poʻe noho e hoʻopau ana i ke kaʻina hana āpau a pau ma mua o 30%, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka Delta variant strain ma mua o nā wahi ʻē aʻe kahi i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o kēia pakeneka.

Ua ʻike pū ʻia nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe he nui nā ʻokoʻa i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i alakaʻi i nā ʻokoʻa i ka nui o nā hihia a me nā hale hoʻokipa i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka Delta variant ma nā wahi like ʻole.

Ke hoʻomau nei ka coronavirus hou a puni ka honua, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻalo ʻia ka mutation virus.Ma kahi o ka Delta mutant strain me ka ikaika o ka hoʻouna ʻana i kēia manawa,Ke nānā nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā ʻano mutant hou aʻe, me nā ʻano ʻehiku ʻē aʻe i helu ʻia ma ke ʻano he "Mutant Strains to Be Observed" (VOI) e ka World Health Organization.

Pehea e pale ai i ka hoʻololi mau ʻana o ka maʻi coronavirus hou, ua manaʻo ʻo Kauka Michael Ryan o ka WHO: “Hiki i nā ʻano hoʻololi ke hoʻololi i nā ʻano o ka maʻi, e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā kānaka, ka noho ʻana i loko o nā droplet no ka lōʻihi, a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike.E hoʻoulu i ka maʻi, etc.Akā ʻaʻole e hoʻololi kēia mau maʻi mutant i ka mea a mākou e hana ai, hoʻomanaʻo mai lākou iā mākou e hana i nā hana pale a pau e hiki ke hana ʻia, a e hana i nā hana koʻikoʻi, me ke komo ʻana i nā masks, hōʻemi i nā hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ʻoiai ua hoʻonui ka Delta mutant strain i ka infectivity, ua pōkole ka manawa incubation, a ua ʻoi aku ka maʻi o ka mea maʻi, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia.Inā he mau kano e like me ka mea i koi ʻia, a i ʻole nā ​​​​hana e like me nā masks a me ka noho kaʻawale ʻana, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻia.I ka hakakā ʻana me ka Delta mutant, aia ka hana i loko o ko mākou mau lima ponoʻī.

Nā kuhikuhi

[1] Ke ʻimi nei i nā ʻano like ʻole SARS-CoV-2 i kiʻi ʻia ma Iune 24, 2021 mai https://www.who.int/en/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants/

[2] ʻO ka ʻano ʻano Delta coronavirus: mākaukau nā ʻepekema no ka hopena, kiʻi ʻia ma Iune 24, 2021, mai https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01696-3

[3] Ke hoʻolaha nei nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻo Coronavirus ma India - ka mea i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻepekema i kēia manawa.Ua kiʻi ʻia ma Mei 11, 2021, mai https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01274-7

[4] ʻO SARS-CoV-2 o ka hopohopo a me nā ʻano like ʻole e hoʻokolokolo ʻia ma ʻEnelani.Ua kiʻi ʻia ma ʻApelila 25, 2021, mai, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/979818/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_9_England.pdf

[5] Hiki i ke ʻano Delta o ka Coronavirus ke lanakila ma US, i loko o nā pule.Ua kiʻi ʻia ma Iune 23, mai https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/06/22/1008859705/delta-variant-coronavirus-unvaccinated-us-covid-surge

[6] Loaʻa iā Iune 26, 2021 mai https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_13296668

[7] Hoʻopuka ʻia e ka mana o ka hui pū ʻana a me ka mana o ka ʻAha Mokuʻāina (Iune 11, 2021) Loaʻa iā Iune 26, 2021 mai http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/gwylflkjz160/index.htm

[8] Ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau COVID-19 e kūʻē i ka ʻano B.1.617.2.Ua kiʻi ʻia ma Mei 23, 2021, mai https://khub.net/documents/135939561/430986542/Effectiveness+of+COVID-19+vaccines+ Against+the+B.1.617.2+variant.pdf/204c11a4-e02e-d6b14-e02e-d6b14-e02e-d6b14-e02e-d6b14-e02e-d6b1b